Quinolino[3,4-b]quinoxalines and pyridazino[4,3-c]quinoline derivatives: Synthesis, inhibition of topoisomerase IIα, G-quadruplex binding and cytotoxic properties

Eur J Med Chem. 2016 Nov 10:123:704-717. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.07.063. Epub 2016 Jul 28.

Abstract

The quinoline motif fused with other heterocyclic systems plays an important role in the field of anticancer drug development. An extensive series of tetracyclic quinolino[3,4-b]quinoxalines N-5 or C-6 substituted with basic side chain and a limited number of tricyclic pyridazino[4,3-c]quinolines N-6 substituted were designed, synthesized and evaluated for topoisomerase IIα (Topo IIα) inhibitory activity, ability to bind and stabilize G-quadruplex structures and cytotoxic properties against two human cancer cell lines (HeLa and MCF-7). Almost all of the tested agents showed a high activity as Topo IIα inhibitors and G-quadruplex stabilizers. Among all the derivatives studied, the quinolino[3,4-b]quinoxalines 11 and 23, N-5 and C-6 substituted respectively, stand out as the most promising compounds. Derivative 11 resulted a selective binder to selected G-quadruplex sequences, while derivative 23 displayed the most interesting Topo IIα inhibitory activity (IC50 = 5.14 μM); both showed high cytotoxic activity (IC50 HeLa = 2.04 μM and 2.32 μM, respectively).

Keywords: Cytotoxic agents; G-quadruplex stabilizers; Pyridazine derivatives; Quinoline derivatives; Topoisomerase IIα inhibitors.

MeSH terms

  • Antigens, Neoplasm / metabolism*
  • Antineoplastic Agents / chemical synthesis
  • Antineoplastic Agents / chemistry
  • Antineoplastic Agents / metabolism
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
  • Chemistry Techniques, Synthetic
  • DNA Topoisomerase IV / antagonists & inhibitors
  • DNA Topoisomerases, Type II / metabolism*
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism*
  • G-Quadruplexes / drug effects*
  • HeLa Cells
  • Humans
  • Quinolines / chemical synthesis*
  • Quinolines / chemistry
  • Quinolines / metabolism
  • Quinolines / pharmacology*
  • Quinoxalines / chemical synthesis*
  • Quinoxalines / chemistry
  • Quinoxalines / metabolism
  • Quinoxalines / pharmacology*
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Topoisomerase II Inhibitors / chemical synthesis
  • Topoisomerase II Inhibitors / chemistry
  • Topoisomerase II Inhibitors / metabolism
  • Topoisomerase II Inhibitors / pharmacology

Substances

  • Antigens, Neoplasm
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • DNA-Binding Proteins
  • Quinolines
  • Quinoxalines
  • Topoisomerase II Inhibitors
  • DNA Topoisomerase IV
  • DNA Topoisomerases, Type II